![]() ![]() In verse, Tottel’s much reprinted Miscellany generated a series of imitations and, by popularizing the lyrics of Sir Thomas Wyatt and the earl of Surrey, carried into the 1570s the tastes of the early Tudor court. Nationalism inspired by the Reformation motivated the historical chronicles of the capable and stylish Edward Hall (1548), who bequeathed to Shakespeare the tendentious Tudor interpretation of the 15th century, and of Raphael Holinshed (1577). The latter’s combination of grandeur and plainness is justly celebrated, even if it represents an idiom never spoken in heaven or on earth. The desire of reformers to address as comprehensive an audience as possible-the bishop and the boy who follows the plough, as William Tyndale put it-produced the first true classics of English prose: the reformed Anglican Book of Common Prayer (1549, 1552, 1559) John Foxe’s Acts and Monuments (1563), which celebrates the martyrs, great and small, of English Protestantism and the various English versions of the Bible, from Tyndale’s New Testament (1525), Miles Coverdale’s Bible (1535), and the Geneva Bible (1560) to the syncretic Authorized Version (or King James’s Version, 1611). A further stimulus was the religious upheaval that took place in the middle of the century. Their stylistic ideals are attractively embodied in Ascham’s educational tract The Schoolmaster (1570), and their tonic effect on that particularly Elizabethan art, translation, can be felt in the earliest important examples, Sir Thomas Hoby’s Castiglione (1561) and Sir Thomas North’s Plutarch (1579). The prevailing opinion of the language’s inadequacy, its lack of “terms” and innate inferiority to the eloquent Classical tongues, was combated in the work of the humanists Thomas Wilson, Roger Ascham, and Sir John Cheke, whose treatises on rhetoric, education, and even archery argued in favour of an unaffected vernacular prose and a judicious attitude toward linguistic borrowings. Uncover the linguistic influence of King James Bible on English literature See all videos for this article Spenser was the first significant English poet deliberately to use print to advertise his talents. The Stationers’ Company, which controlled the publication of books, was incorporated in 1557, and Richard Tottel’s Miscellany (1557) revolutionized the relationship of poet and audience by making publicly available lyric poetry, which hitherto had circulated only among a courtly coterie. This development was underpinned by the technological maturity and accelerating output (mainly in pious or technical subjects) of Elizabethan printing. The groundwork was laid in the 30 years from 1550, a period of slowly increasing confidence in the literary competence of the language and tremendous advances in education, which for the first time produced a substantial English readership, keen for literature and possessing cultivated tastes. It was accompanied by an upsurge in literary production that came to fruition in the 1590s and 1600s, two decades of astonishing productivity by writers of every persuasion and calibre. A decisive shift of taste toward a fluent artistry self-consciously displaying its own grace and sophistication was announced in the works of Spenser and Sidney. SpaceNext50 Britannica presents SpaceNext50, From the race to the Moon to space stewardship, we explore a wide range of subjects that feed our curiosity about space!Įnglish poetry and prose burst into sudden glory in the late 1570s. ![]() Learn about the major environmental problems facing our planet and what can be done about them! Saving Earth Britannica Presents Earth’s To-Do List for the 21st Century.100 Women Britannica celebrates the centennial of the Nineteenth Amendment, highlighting suffragists and history-making politicians.COVID-19 Portal While this global health crisis continues to evolve, it can be useful to look to past pandemics to better understand how to respond today.Student Portal Britannica is the ultimate student resource for key school subjects like history, government, literature, and more.This Time in History In these videos, find out what happened this month (or any month!) in history.#WTFact Videos In #WTFact Britannica shares some of the most bizarre facts we can find.Demystified Videos In Demystified, Britannica has all the answers to your burning questions.Britannica Classics Check out these retro videos from Encyclopedia Britannica’s archives.Britannica Explains In these videos, Britannica explains a variety of topics and answers frequently asked questions.
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